- A transmissão vertical do vírus da hepatite C é considerada de risco leve a moderado, variando de 1 a 20 % (média 5 %).
- O curso natural da doença não se altera durante a gravidez, podendo inclusive haver melhoras de marcadores bioquímicos (ALT e AST).
- Trabalho de parto prematuro, alterações do crescimento intra uterino estão associados à hepatite C crônica.
- Não há evidências sobre qual é a melhor via de parto para prevenir a transmissão.
- O diagnóstico deve ser feito com a carga viral qualitativa, a partir dos 3 meses de vida, ou sorologia, a partir dos 18 meses.
- A amamentação não está contraindicada (avaliar co-infecção com o HIV), exceto se houver sangramentos ou fissuras na região do mamilo.
A principal estratégia é a prevenção, idealmente antes da gravidez (pré-concepcional ou pré-nupcial). A hepatite C apresenta, atualmente, excelentes esquemas de tratamento.
Vertical transmission of Hepatitis C - some considerations
Today I was asked by a colleague about the breastfeeding and vertical transmission of the hepatitis C virus, I thought it was relevant information to share more generally. Initially, it is important to point out that this text does not replace the follow-up with the specialist doctor, so it is only a matter of clarifying some points of this problem.
- Vertical transmission of hepatitis C virus is considered mild to moderate risk, ranging from 1 to 20% (mean 5%).
- The natural course of the disease does not change during pregnancy, and there may even be improvements in biochemical markers (ALT and AST).
- Preterm labor, changes in intrauterine growth are associated with chronic hepatitis C.
- There is no evidence as to the best way of delivery to prevent transmission.
- The diagnosis should be made with the qualitative viral load, from 3 months of life, or serology, from 18 months.
- Breastfeeding is not contraindicated (assessing co-infection with HIV), unless there are bleeding or fissures in the nipple region.
The main strategy is prevention, ideally before pregnancy (pre-conception or prenuptial). Currently, Hepatitis C has excellent treatment regimens.